• adj. 冷酷的；糟糕的；殘忍的
• n. (Grim)人名；(英、德、俄、捷、匈)格里姆

來自PIE*ghrem, 生氣的，擬聲詞，模仿咆哮的聲音。

grim

grim: [OE] Indo-European *ghrem-, *ghromprobably originated in imitation of the sound of rumbling (amongst its descendants was grumins ‘thunder’ in the extinct Baltic language Old Prussian). In Germanic it became *grem-, *gram-, *grum-, which not only produced the adjective *grimmaz (source of German grimm, Swedish grym, and English, Dutch, and Danish grim) and the English verb grumble [16], but was adopted into Spanish as grima ‘fright’, which eventually arrived in English as grimace [17].
=> grimace, grumble

grim (adj.)

Old English grimm "fierce, cruel, savage; severe, dire, painful," from Proto-Germanic *grimmaz (cognates: Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Old High German, German grimm "grim, angry, fierce," Old Norse grimmr "stern, horrible, dire," Swedish grym "fierce, furious"), from PIE *ghrem- "angry," perhaps imitative of the sound of rumbling thunder (compare Greek khremizein "to neigh," Old Church Slavonic vuzgrimeti "to thunder," Russian gremet' "thunder").

A weaker word now than it once was; sense of "dreary, gloomy" first recorded late 12c. It also had a verb form in Old English, grimman (class III strong verb; past tense gramm, past participle grummen), and a noun, grima "goblin, specter," perhaps also a proper name or attribute-name of a god, hence its appearance as an element in place names.

Grim reaper as a figurative phrase for "death" is attested by 1847 (the association of grim and death goes back at least to 17c.). A Middle English expression for "have recourse to harsh measures" was to wend the grim tooth (early 13c.).

grim (n.)

"spectre, bogey, haunting spirit," 1620s, from grim (adj.).

1. Psychometric tests can save organizations from grim and costly mistakes.

心理測(cè)試能夠使組織機(jī)構(gòu)避免犯下?lián)p失慘重的大錯(cuò)。

來自柯林斯例句

2. She was a grim woman with a turned-down mouth.

她是個(gè)沉默寡言、令人畏懼的女人。

來自柯林斯例句

3. The report paints a grim picture of life there.

那則報(bào)道把那里的生活描繪得很凄慘。

來自柯林斯例句

4. Things were pretty grim for a time.

事情一度糟糕透了。

來自柯林斯例句

5. The committee walked out, grim-faced and shocked.

全體委員走了出去，臉色凝重，大為震驚。

來自柯林斯例句